Lord Mhoram wrote:The Chesterton quote is an interesting one. Here's my take: I think it's important to consider postmodernism and post-structuralism and all the other schools of thought he's talking about, in their historical context. The reason postmodernism became a viable school of thought was that Europeans saw the end-result of their millennia-old moral system go down in flames in two of the most horrific wars in human history - World Wars I & II. No one really believes that Christianity is the reason for the Holocaust. But it was apparent to a lot of intellectuals in the postwar period that there was something deficient in the moral systems that had dominated Western culture. It was dogmatism and nationalism and cultural selfishness that had caused the clash of the world wars. Hitler said that the German way is the only way. A more utopian moral system rejected that kind of thing - it said that nothing was the only way. We sort of threw the baby out with the bathwater in that respect. I for one agree with the postwar thinkers that saw the deficiencies in previous moral systems. I agree that the dogmatism of the Church and of Christianity itself ought to be abolished. Where I disagree with them is with regards to the matter of absolute morality - I actually believe in absolute moral truths.
That seems like a typical educated modern view. With no intent to offend, only to encourage further thinking...
Unfortunately, this crashes right away on the simple fact that Chesterton wrote most of this stuff BEFORE the 1st World War, and died in 1936. Heretics was written in 1905, Orthodoxy in 1908. Chesterton
predicted a lot of that stuff, and it was the ideas of his atheistic arch-opponent, George Bernard Shaw that were actually put into practice by the Nazis (Eugenics, the efforts to produce superior men, etc.) - not that Shaw supported them - he didn't, but this was the practical fruit of his theoretical philosophy. Christian dogma
opposed the evil and wrong-doing engaged in in the war periods. (Oh, and selfishness is individual, really, not cultural. That is what
selfishness means.)
What Chesterton was saying was that it was apparent that there was something deficient in the rising
rejection of moral systems that had already begun to dominate Western intellectual culture.
Dogmas are things that all people - even you - have. You have been trained to think of dogmas as something exclusive to traditional Western religious culture, aka Christendom. To say that there is no way or there is no truth is just as dogmatic as Hitler's dogmatic statements. Any serious study of the traditional morals - which if you really read Lewis and Chesterton you will discover are really universal with very little variance regardless of the location or time of the culture - will reveal that Hitler's dogma was wrong. Not that we should try to reject all dogma - something ultimately impossible, but rather that we should use
1) our reason, and
2) our common sense
to decide which dogmas are right and which are wrong.
Moral systems are
not things which intellectuals think up somewhere, and they existed long before intellectuals existed. They spring from what all of us inside ourselves know to be right and wrong. It IS possible to smother these feelings, as can be witnessed via the commitment of any atrocity (say, Nazi horrors or 9/11), but the fact that no one begins without this sense, that small children do not need to be taught to lie, to hit others, but then feel a need to justify their acts, reveals rather that:
a) we have strong desires to act in our selfish interests, and
b) we also have persistent (if weaker) feelings that we ought to act in certain way, and this frequently contradicts (however weakly) our selfish desires.
(This, by the way, is why it is SO popular to debunk Christianity, because it's always reminding us of this, and gosh, I want to do what
I want to do.)
Your attitude towards Christian dogma could be just as dogmatic as the Christian dogma itself.
I think my own personal objections are to the smug intellectual attitude that I see ALL the time that, "We already know what Christianity is and we have 'outgrown' that. We are so much wiser than our ancestors because we happen to be living today. They were all so ignorant and we are so intelligent." Basically, that most people who object to it have either grown up and left Christianity without learning about it from an adult perspective, or have experienced a primitive version of it far removed from the original. (I call the former 'a second-grader's version of Christianity)
One more little Chestertonian quote:
"The Christian ideal has not been tried and found wanting; it has been found difficult and left untried." - Chapter 5, What's Wrong With The World, 1910
(Edit) One more, because it is about the essence of dogma -
We call a man a bigot or a slave of dogma because he is a thinker who has thought thoroughly and to a definite end. We say that the juryman is not a juryman because he has brought in a verdict. We say that the judge is not a judge because he gives judgment. We say that the sincere believer has no right to vote, simply because he has voted.
G.K. Chesterton, from his collection of essays, "All Things Considered" essay - The Error of Impartiality)