Heaven Not For Christians Only

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Post by Xar »

rusmeister wrote:While I would acknowledge one serious strength in people like Ann Coulter - the ability to acknowledge that there is absolute Truth - neither would I support her understanding of Christianity as that of the original and continuously existing Christian Church established by Christ and the Apostles, and so presenting her as one of the best and wisest defenders of Christianity is not something I'll take you up on, nor would I say that using the weaknesses in her arguments to reject Christianity as a whole 'lets you off the hook'.

That said, the best thing reasoning people can do is to inquire,learn, and then come to conclusions - that is what reason is for, after all. You can condemn a person's conclusions by proving them wrong, but not condemn them for merely coming to conclusions.

As to Judaism... if Christianity is true and all of humanity needs to be saved, why
1) would people not want to be saved - or want to be destroyed?
2) why would Jews be exceptions?

Again, the focus on inferior forms and champions of a faith seem to indicate a desire to avoid engaging with what is wisest and truest in a faith. The way to come to a conclusion that you can consider valid is to defeat the best and wisest defenders of a faith, and to risk being 'defeated' yourself. If you knowingly seek out the Ann Coulters of the world and say "This is why I am not a Christian" you can't be said to have seriously investigated Christianity.
Rus, I think you seem to be deliberately or accidentally misreading my posts. For instance, if you had paid attention to what I actually wrote, I never said the Coulter woman is "one of the best and wisest defenders of Christianity" - that's something that comes from your mouth. I pointed out that, like it or not, this is what you risk becoming if you start from the assumption that since you're right, everyone else is wrong or misguided. And this seems to me to be exactly what you are doing - trying to find ways to justify why your point of view is inherently right. I also notice that you apparently have paid no attention whatsoever to when I mentioned that I was raised as a Catholic (and therefore I reckon I should know enough about Christianity), as well as to the fact I never used any of my arguments to say "this is why I'm not a Christian". I used my arguments to discuss the possibility that other religions might be equally as valid in their claims and that you cannot, as a reasonable and rational man, start an argument from the assumption that the religion you follow is the unquestionable truth, and that therefore whatever people say to contradict you or to argue with you is wrong.

In fact, you still are evading my questions regarding other religions and their validity in comparison to the Christian faith. Not to mention that you still have to respond to my comments regarding why should faith be so absolutely necessary to salvation. Since you seem not to have read those parts, I'll take the liberty of copying them here:
Xar wrote:
rusmeister wrote: Therefore, if it IS true, then you wilfully choose damnation by rejecting the salvation that is offered to you, just as a person drowning at sea refuses a lifeline and thus condemns themselves to drown. It is NOT something God "does" to you.
I disagree with this statement of yours. Since there is no authority higher than God and therefore He is the one who makes the rules about salvation, Heaven and Hell, it follows that depending on how one interprets "rejecting the salvation that is offered to you", the implications change. Let's make an example. I'll admit that I've had little first-hand experience with fundamentalist Christians, but I've heard from friends who have had these experiences, and of course I've read about them a lot on the internet and elsewhere. Now, for the sake of argument, I'll assume that most of what I've read is true - bear with me. So here we have groups of Christians who apparently believe that if you do not accept the message of Jesus Christ, you will burn in Hell. They actively try to save you, not because they want to be obnoxious, but because they genuinely believe they're doing you a favor. Some may go as far as claiming that yes, you may be a good person, but still you won't get into Heaven without this faith. Now, again for the sake of argument (and since you admit yourself that we cannot know for sure what awaits us on the other side), let's say they're right: if you do not accept the message of Jesus, you will burn into Hell no matter what you do. At best, a good and honest person may hope for purgatory (or Dante's limbo, maybe).
Now the question is - why should faith in this particular message, as opposed to any other, be the difference between this final destination and eternal Heaven? What I mean is - why should a good and honest man who lived his life trying to do good deeds be refused entry into Heaven just because he happened, for example, to be a Muslim or a Hindu?
Obviously this was an extreme example; but the fact is that whenever one says that faith is the important factor about the afterlife, he or she is implying that all other faiths, no matter how honest their adherents, are "inferior", "false", or ultimately flawed. But most of all, he or she is implying that faith is more important than good deeds and a good life. And while faith may be a way to admit who we are, to accept our shortcomings and possibly forgive ourselves for it by struggling to overcome them, this does not mean that only the Christian faith can do this. Islam, Hinduism, Shintoism, Zoroastrianism, and so many other faiths have adherents who are probably just as strong in their faith as you are in yours, and who are we to say they are wrong and we are right? You may say "because our book says so", but they too have their own books and holy texts (in the case of Islam, chronologically speaking one could even suggest that the Qu'ran, based on the Hebrew and Christian faith, could be considered an "updated version") which very likely say similar things, and the truth is that none of us knows enough about what lies beyond this life as to be able to formulate an objective statement as to which faith is right, if any. In fact, some of these faiths are quite strict in describing who goes to Heaven and who doesn't (usually those who belong to other faiths), but others are far more open (Zoroastrianism is a prime example - and interestingly enough, it predates all the Abrahamic religions and some believe it may have served as inspiration for them).

So, with this wealth of holy texts and scriptures, many of them contradicting each other, who are we to judge which one is the right one? A Muslim could easily say you, the Orthodox Christian, are wrong, and his word would have just as much validity as yours, since neither of you would know what happens after death.

And that's also why it's unrealistic to believe that belonging to a particular faith could be either essential or very helpful in increasing one's chances at Heaven after death; it is not adherence to doctrine as much as adherence to the spirit of the faith - the teachings, not the forms - that is important. And it is not a coincidence, in this case, that most religions share the same basic teachings and philosophies - something far more universal than dogmas and creeds.

After all, why should God care if we eat pork, or drink wine, or if we cut our hair or our beards, and so on? Why should God deny someone paradise only because he was buried with a piece of pork? I submit that the form of your faith - or the lack thereof - is not so important as your adherence to these teachings, and that these teachings do not necessarily require a religious framework to be fulfilled. To do good, to love, to improve the world... An atheist could stumble onto this philosophy and follow it even without ever thinking of a divine being behind it; but as long as he follows it sincerely and not with hidden purposes, he is just as sincere as the next pious Christian, Muslim, and so on.

The Zoroastrians have a central tenet of their faith that says:

"Good thought, good word, good deed."

They have another one which says:

"Don't be lazy."

These are the tenets by which their religion judges those who are worthy of paradise. And are they not at the core of almost every religion, in one form or another? So as long as one follows them sincerely, and strives to improve himself and the world - after all, one can admit his own faults and strive to change himself even without adhering to any one faith - what does it matter if he is Christian, Jewish, Muslim, atheist or agnostic?
rusmeister wrote: You say that God 'made us flawed'. This is NOT the Christian understanding, but a straw man invented to make Christianity easy to prove wrong (in some people's minds). If you honestly inquire into Christian teaching (I will speak from Orthodox Christianity, as the only Church that I can honestly defend) you will discover that God made us perfect and saw that "it was good", and that man fell by his own choice to turn away from God and reject God as the source of life, seeking that life instead in himself. We were never intended to die. It's a tragedy that was never supposed to happen, and lead to the Incarnation of God Himself, to sacrifice Himself, in order to save us from our own mistakes. But now the pride that keeps us from accepting the lifelines thrown to us and keeps us floating on our little planks leads us to our destruction. Again, as you pointed out, the theologies of varying denominations do have holes or points that are difficult to explain at various points - but FTR, Orthodoxy claims to be PRE-denominational. It's always been around, and never broke off from anybody. Unlike Protestant denominations, there is no date of the founding of the Orthodox Church, other than roughly AD 33 (The only other Church that can make this claim is the Roman Catholic Church, so that would narrow down your search really fast). I'd suggest you seek to understand Orthodox teaching before rejecting it, and you need to get your info from the horse's mouth.
As I said before, I was raised as a Catholic and I am still a believer, although my own experiences and my own interests in the study of other religions have changed my concepts quite a lot from mainstream Catholicism. I have had a Catholic education and I am quite aware of the points you raise. But I also try to think with my own head - simply because it is not good enough to me to accept what others tell me without questioning why. I'm a scientist, after all - curiosity comes with the name Wink Perhaps this is why I also disagree with you about the "flawed/not flawed" concept. But here we enter the arduous territory of the free will vs. determinism argument which detractors of the Christian faith use so happily, and I'd rather not go there in order to avoid derailing the thread.
rusmeister wrote: Esmer, your speculative question has a good point - we can't really know how things work on the other side, outside of things specifically given in revelation. CS Lewis said, "There will be surprises", so I think your point is good - but I doubt that we would be questioning where we are at that point.
I just want to point out something in the above quote which relates to what I said earlier about the validity of one faith over another. The part I highlighted in italics is what I want to call your attention on. Here, you speak from the assumption that the Christian revelation is true. It is understandable, given that you are Christian; however, anyone from a different faith or from no faith altogether could disagree with you with just the same validity. A Hindu could tell you that the revelations in the Bible are completely wrong - life is a cycle of reincarnations (interestingly, the ancient Jews had the concept of reincarnation). A Muslim could also tell you that his revelations of the afterlife don't quite match yours. And while you may think you are right, it does not negate the fact that they, too, think the same.
To close the post, I'd like to point out that I would rather believe that God appreciates His children asking questions and trying to figure out things for themselves, rather than believe He prefers children who accept everything unquestioningly. If He did not want us questioning His words, He would not have given us curiosity, desire to know, and would have made sure His words reached us in a way that we could not mistake as anything else than God's word. And if I'm wrong and no matter how good you are in life, full salvation can only be achieved by members of a particular faith - well, chances are good at least wherever I'll go, I'll be in good company, since almost every faith says that everyone else doesn't go to Heaven.
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Axioms, assumptions, etc.

Post by Linna Heartbooger »

Xar wrote:
To close the post, I'd like to point out that I would rather believe that God appreciates His children asking questions and trying to figure out things for themselves, rather than believe He prefers children who accept everything unquestioningly.
I just want to say that I strongly agree with those words - they are closely linked with a deep truth regarding intercessory prayer. And it's cool because I see that particular truth as being either a paradox or apparent paradox. And that particular "paradox" seems (I think) closely related to a theme that runs through the Covenant series, and was what got me reading / kept me reading :!!!:

Yet I am pretty sure I don't fully embrace the spirit behind your words. ...Because I don't embrace the spirit of the Enlightenment. And that is where our axioms or our assumptions differ majorly. I was taught, like most of us, to explore reality through a modern framework, but now I embrace a belief system that is pre-modern. (I know it may be kinda an excuse for seeming illogical - but there are some genuine difficulties posed by this dilemma. But I think it's a real practical difficulty that pervades many discussions of spirituality today.)
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They don't take long looks at anything, because they lack the courage.
The way to despair is to refuse to have any kind of experience, and the novel, of course, is a way to have experience."
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-Elisabeth Elliot, Preface, "A Chance to Die: The Life and Legacy of Amy Carmichael"
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Post by Menolly »

...btw, Lina, from your sig...
Lina Heartlistener wrote:Credit for the "Ranyhyn" picture goes to: Katy Carolan - I chose him from her site at:
www.freewebs.com/katypix/arabianhorseslinks.htm
But wait.. he should've chosen me.
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Re: Axioms, assumptions, etc.

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Lina Heartlistener wrote:Xar wrote:
To close the post, I'd like to point out that I would rather believe that God appreciates His children asking questions and trying to figure out things for themselves, rather than believe He prefers children who accept everything unquestioningly.
I just want to say that I strongly agree with those words - they are closely linked with a deep truth regarding intercessory prayer. And it's cool because I see that particular truth as being either a paradox or apparent paradox. And that particular "paradox" seems (I think) closely related to a theme that runs through the Covenant series, and was what got me reading / kept me reading :!!!:

Yet I am pretty sure I don't fully embrace the spirit behind your words. ...Because I don't embrace the spirit of the Enlightenment. And that is where our axioms or our assumptions differ majorly. I was taught, like most of us, to explore reality through a modern framework, but now I embrace a belief system that is pre-modern. (I know it may be kinda an excuse for seeming illogical - but there are some genuine difficulties posed by this dilemma. But I think it's a real practical difficulty that pervades many discussions of spirituality today.)
Now you made me curious :P Can you elaborate on where our axioms or assumptions differ majorly? Keep in mind that if one wanted, one could say that I, too, am not fully embracing a modern framework because although I am a scientist, and therefore taught to use logic, trust only what I can prove, I am also a believer - although perhaps, as Rus realized by now, not exactly adherent to the Catholic doctrine any longer. So in many ways, since we're speaking of paradoxes, to many people I am a paradox by myself ;)
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Re: Axioms, assumptions, etc.

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Lina Heartlistener wrote: Yet I am pretty sure I don't fully embrace the spirit behind your words. ...Because I don't embrace the spirit of the Enlightenment.
I now refer to it as "The Endarkenment" :D

Really, the history we were taught in school is a product of the philosophy that formed the schools. But people almost never know anything about the formative history of public education, or what the guiding philosophy that prepares the teachers and establishes the requirements today IS. We have to go back and re-evaluate what we have been taught.
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Re: Axioms, assumptions, etc.

Post by Menolly »

rusmeister wrote:
Lina Heartlistener wrote: Yet I am pretty sure I don't fully embrace the spirit behind your words. ...Because I don't embrace the spirit of the Enlightenment.
I now refer to it as "The Endarkenment" :D

Really, the history we were taught in school is a product of the philosophy that formed the schools. But people almost never know anything about the formative history of public education, or what the guiding philosophy that prepares the teachers and establishes the requirements today IS. We have to go back and re-evaluate what we have been taught.
Oh dear...

rus, now you've confused me. Aren't we talking public schools and philosophy over in the other thread?
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Re: Axioms, assumptions, etc.

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Menolly wrote:
rusmeister wrote:
Lina Heartlistener wrote: Yet I am pretty sure I don't fully embrace the spirit behind your words. ...Because I don't embrace the spirit of the Enlightenment.
I now refer to it as "The Endarkenment" :D

Really, the history we were taught in school is a product of the philosophy that formed the schools. But people almost never know anything about the formative history of public education, or what the guiding philosophy that prepares the teachers and establishes the requirements today IS. We have to go back and re-evaluate what we have been taught.
Oh dear...

rus, now you've confused me. Aren't we talking public schools and philosophy over in the other thread?
I guess so. But they ARE related.

I do want to take time to get back to Xar's questions first. It'll take some time. (Sorry Xar! Not ignoring you!)

I sometimes feel like Admiral Kirk in Star Trek II:The Wrath of Khan when thoughts have to be presented as sound bites - (Kirk) "I need some time to call up the data on my computer..." (Khan) "I give you 60 seconds, Admiral."
"Time is a luxury I do not have."
"Eh? Two views? There are a dozen views about everything until you know the answer. Then there's never more than one." Bill Hingest ("That Hideous Strength" by C.S. Lewis)

"These are the days when the Christian is expected to praise every creed except his own." G.K. Chesterton
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Re: Axioms, assumptions, etc.

Post by Linna Heartbooger »

Xar wrote: Now you made me curious :P Can you elaborate on where our axioms or assumptions differ majorly? Keep in mind that if one wanted, one could say that I, too, am not fully embracing a modern framework because although I am a scientist, and therefore taught to use logic, trust only what I can prove, I am also a believer - although perhaps, as Rus realized by now, not exactly adherent to the Catholic doctrine any longer. So in many ways, since we're speaking of paradoxes, to many people I am a paradox by myself ;)
Yes, I see that you are not fully embracing modern assumptions - it looks to me like many of your assumptions are very postmodern, but being used in a modern framework (in terms of how you structure your arguments). I could be wrong on this, so let me know what you think I'm missing in this (admittedly terse!) assessment.
Xar wrote: If He did not want us questioning His words, He would not have given us curiosity, desire to know, and would have made sure His words reached us in a way that we could not mistake as anything else than God's word.
This is a statement that I think is close to a manifesto for the Enlightenment movement. But I do not believe it was always something "taken as a given" by most religions of the world - and indeed, many people who aren't Westerners still probably don't assume that.

Now I'll mostly talk about my assumptions instead of trying to categorize yours any more specifically than I already have, (hahah!) and I think you'll be able to agree there are major differences.

I believe that Christianity is saturated with the idea that there are some things about God that are just mysterious, ineffable, inexplicable - and therefore cannot be comprehended with the reasoning part of our minds alone - or at least until the reason is changed by an outside source (viz. God / the Holy Spirit). And I also believe that the Bible has the assumption that it is possible for God to be a truly good, loving Personal God Who is far better than we can comprehend solely with the reason.

To me, it seems there is a theme running through scripture that "spiritual wisdom is especially given to those who are willing to seek it with all their heart, and to be faithful and loving according to their understanding of what they've been given so far." (That's not an exact Bible verse or anything - it's a summary of many ideas I've gleaned from the Bible, filtered through my own interpretation.)

I would love to discuss scriptures that seem to talk about this, (examining them in context and asking, "is there any other possible way to interpret this?") but I'm not going to just throw them at this board if you're not interested in looking at them - it would feel like "throwing paint at a wall and hoping some of it will stick." I think that exploring the undergirding assumptions of various religions is a fascinating topic. ...possibly for another thread! Cause I know I'm getting us "sorta" off-topic here!

I can't speak for other religions, but I will try anyways! ;) I think that many ancient Eastern religions also have an idea of "certain spiritual things cannot be understood by the mind until you have reached a certain state" or "spirituality transcends reason." (maybe someone who is more of an expert on this subject can either back me up or tell me I'm BS'ing.)
"People without hope not only don't write novels, but what is more to the point, they don't read them.
They don't take long looks at anything, because they lack the courage.
The way to despair is to refuse to have any kind of experience, and the novel, of course, is a way to have experience."
-Flannery O'Connor

"In spite of much that militates against quietness there are people who still read books. They are the people who keep me going."
-Elisabeth Elliot, Preface, "A Chance to Die: The Life and Legacy of Amy Carmichael"
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Post by Linna Heartbooger »

Menolly wrote: I am hoping on attending a course starting on Monday about the anthropology of the siddur (weekday and Shabbos prayer book), and have started a thread in anticipation of it. I already posted what little I have read so far regarding Olam Ha-Ba in it. The post is at Theology and Folklore in Judaism.
Yeah, I need to get around to reading it! I read the other one... with the shofar and Rosh Hashanah, and found it fascinating... I wanted to post my thoughts (in my case, about surprising parallels and relevant contrasts w/ Christianity's version of atonement) but wasn't sure if that would be considered "hijacking your thread." (but then, most online forums I've participated in have had a ...very different culture from this one. ;) )
Menolly wrote:
It is pretty common among American Jews to take what is known as the "scientific" approach regarding the TANACH nowadays. Pretty much only the ultra-orthodox believe that Moses received the entire Torah on Mount Sinai nowadays, and take every word in the TANACH literally. But though I prefer sitting behind the mihitzah at orthodox services for worship, I freely admit I am far from Torah observant. I view most of the TANACH as allegories and parables. Yet I still observe the major holidays. So, we will be approaching things from very different POVs. But, that's OK.
Also... I was thinking some, and I realized that you might not necessarily view God as a personal being (but I hate the word "being" because it sounds so ...impersonal!) in the same way as I do, and I can see how that would affect everything. (though let me know if I'm wrong about you!) I wouldn't be nearly as bothered by some of the things that bother me if I only thought of God as a "general force of good."

As far as the allegorical approach... well, do you believe that the men Abraham, Jacob, and Moses actually lived, and each of them lived a life that's LIKE what the torah says their lives were like? (if you'd like to explain in more detail what you think their lives would've been like... I'd be interested.)

Btw, I found it quite encouraging to hear that (at least many?) Jews believe in some sort of (literal?) messianic age to come. (from that article you posted a snippet from) I didn't really know if that was quite the case before...
Menolly wrote: This always comes up when people see my style of writing the various Names for G-d that I recognize as such. My take on that is first of all, Jewish Law only applies to Jews, and occasionally the law of the land will even superceded that.
I can understand that. Kinda like a principle we have that says, "to whom much is given, much is required." And the idea of God (in some circumstances) holding the Jews to a certain standard - as the people who He revealed so much of His character and his heart to - seems to run through the whole Old Testament. From my perspective, of course!

Oh yeah, and thanks for the Ranyhyn tip! I may do that sometime! :) I was wondering why some people have "Ranyhyn" showing in their profiles...
"People without hope not only don't write novels, but what is more to the point, they don't read them.
They don't take long looks at anything, because they lack the courage.
The way to despair is to refuse to have any kind of experience, and the novel, of course, is a way to have experience."
-Flannery O'Connor

"In spite of much that militates against quietness there are people who still read books. They are the people who keep me going."
-Elisabeth Elliot, Preface, "A Chance to Die: The Life and Legacy of Amy Carmichael"
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Re: Axioms, assumptions, etc.

Post by Xar »

Lina Heartlistener wrote:
Xar wrote: Now you made me curious :P Can you elaborate on where our axioms or assumptions differ majorly? Keep in mind that if one wanted, one could say that I, too, am not fully embracing a modern framework because although I am a scientist, and therefore taught to use logic, trust only what I can prove, I am also a believer - although perhaps, as Rus realized by now, not exactly adherent to the Catholic doctrine any longer. So in many ways, since we're speaking of paradoxes, to many people I am a paradox by myself ;)
Yes, I see that you are not fully embracing modern assumptions - it looks to me like many of your assumptions are very postmodern, but being used in a modern framework (in terms of how you structure your arguments). I could be wrong on this, so let me know what you think I'm missing in this (admittedly terse!) assessment.
Well, honestly, I don't really bother classifying my assumptions or beliefs - I believe what I believe and I assume what I assume, and it's good enough for me to do so without thinking "how can I fit this among the various currents of thought which are known nowadays?" :P It seems to me that if one has a personal philosophy, then it matters little to him whether it is classified or not, and it matters even less how others classify it, no offense meant ;)
Lina Heartlistener wrote:
Xar wrote: If He did not want us questioning His words, He would not have given us curiosity, desire to know, and would have made sure His words reached us in a way that we could not mistake as anything else than God's word.
This is a statement that I think is close to a manifesto for the Enlightenment movement. But I do not believe it was always something "taken as a given" by most religions of the world - and indeed, many people who aren't Westerners still probably don't assume that.

Now I'll mostly talk about my assumptions instead of trying to categorize yours any more specifically than I already have, (hahah!) and I think you'll be able to agree there are major differences.

I believe that Christianity is saturated with the idea that there are some things about God that are just mysterious, ineffable, inexplicable - and therefore cannot be comprehended with the reasoning part of our minds alone - or at least until the reason is changed by an outside source (viz. God / the Holy Spirit). And I also believe that the Bible has the assumption that it is possible for God to be a truly good, loving Personal God Who is far better than we can comprehend solely with the reason.
Yes, I see what you mean. The concept is emphasized in the Kabbalah, where the transcendent, unknowable part of God is called En Sof, and it cannot be defined because there is no way to do so. Nevertheless, applying reason to the Bible or to the major concepts of a religion does not necessarily mean demolishing them. I'm reminded of the famous debate about the nature of evil, and in turn this reminds me of the famous phrase by St. Augustine, "evil exists for good to fight it", which of course is an allegory to say that without evil, there could be no good. Which in turn hints at the fact that "evil" was intended by God the very moment humankind came to Earth (because otherwise, without evil and good, free will would be meaningless). And from here, one could think about why this was allowed, why did God created an evil which hurt so many people, and there could be answers to all of that - but this is definitely hijacking the thread. Anyway, what I meant to say was that even theology uses logic and the analysis of scriptures in order to glean some concepts regarding God, His actions and His plans.
Lina Heartlistener wrote:To me, it seems there is a theme running through scripture that "spiritual wisdom is especially given to those who are willing to seek it with all their heart, and to be faithful and loving according to their understanding of what they've been given so far." (That's not an exact Bible verse or anything - it's a summary of many ideas I've gleaned from the Bible, filtered through my own interpretation.)

I would love to discuss scriptures that seem to talk about this, (examining them in context and asking, "is there any other possible way to interpret this?") but I'm not going to just throw them at this board if you're not interested in looking at them - it would feel like "throwing paint at a wall and hoping some of it will stick." I think that exploring the undergirding assumptions of various religions is a fascinating topic. ...possibly for another thread! Cause I know I'm getting us "sorta" off-topic here!
Yes, that's true, usually most religions suggest that some truths can only be understood when one is enlightened; however, the point is that this enlightenment doesn't usually just come from the blue; it is something a person must discover for him- or herself. And one person could do it instintively, by heart, while another could use logic and reason while keeping an open mind. There is, I think, the key: to keep an open mind.

Anyway, I would be glad to discuss such things with you - but you're right, it's better to start another thread for that. Feel free to do so! ;)
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Post by Menolly »

Lina Heartlistener wrote:
Menolly wrote: I am hoping on attending a course starting on Monday about the anthropology of the siddur (weekday and Shabbos prayer book), and have started a thread in anticipation of it. I already posted what little I have read so far regarding Olam Ha-Ba in it. The post is at Theology and Folklore in Judaism.
Yeah, I need to get around to reading it! I read the other one... with the shofar and Rosh Hashanah, and found it fascinating... I wanted to post my thoughts (in my case, about surprising parallels and relevant contrasts w/ Christianity's version of atonement) but wasn't sure if that would be considered "hijacking your thread." (but then, most online forums I've participated in have had a ...very different culture from this one. ;) )
Heh.

At least someone read it and wanted to respond. I have no problem with the thread getting highjacked, as it is otherwise dead.
Lina Heartlistener wrote:Also... I was thinking some, and I realized that you might not necessarily view God as a personal being (but I hate the word "being" because it sounds so ...impersonal!) in the same way as I do, and I can see how that would affect everything. (though let me know if I'm wrong about you!) I wouldn't be nearly as bothered by some of the things that bother me if I only thought of God as a "general force of good."
Good point.

Yeah, I don't see G-d as a personal being I guess. But I don't see him/her solely as "a general force of good" either. I guess, although Judaism is the format of worship I follow, that my outlook is mostly agnostic (maybe?).
Lina Heartlistener wrote:As far as the allegorical approach... well, do you believe that the men Abraham, Jacob, and Moses actually lived, and each of them lived a life that's LIKE what the torah says their lives were like? (if you'd like to explain in more detail what you think their lives would've been like... I'd be interested.)
Wow, Lina. You're forcing me to think within the first hour of waking up without having finished my cuppa yet. *...ow...my head...*

Uhm...OK.

There is the actual tomb of Rachel. Now, unless someone way back decided to estabish one of the first tourist traps, I find I have concede that someone named of importance named Rachel occupies than tomb. Given that, I am of the mindset that yeah, the Patriarchs, Matriarchs, and Moses all did exist. I also believe with the genetic research and links done on Jewish men who claim to be Kohanim, that the tribal gene, or whatever it was they found that linked them, is pretty decent physical evidence of a tribal bond.

However, while I believe these people existed, I don't believe the TANACH is necessarily divinely given or even inspired. The Patriarchs and Matriarchs were most likely powerful leaders in their day, but I believe more likey legends and myths regarding them after their passing became canon, rather than actual biography. I understand there is some physical evidence as to the existance of Moses, but I have not researched what it is. I believe the five books are actually compilations, not his own writings. IMO there is too much discrepancy in writing style for it to have come from one mind/hand.

But again, this is my personal POV. Please do not assume in this instance, or ever, that I speak for all American Jewry when I say these things. I can't think of anyone else who would say they have similar beliefs to mine.
Lina Heartlistener wrote:Btw, I found it quite encouraging to hear that (at least many?) Jews believe in some sort of (literal?) messianic age to come. (from that article you posted a snippet from) I didn't really know if that was quite the case before...
*nod*

But the view of what the Messianic age will be is very different from what I understand the Chr-stian one to be. At least from what little I have heard about it.
Lina Heartlistener wrote:
Menolly wrote: This always comes up when people see my style of writing the various Names for G-d that I recognize as such. My take on that is first of all, Jewish Law only applies to Jews, and occasionally the law of the land will even superceded that.
I can understand that. Kinda like a principle we have that says, "to whom much is given, much is required." And the idea of God (in some circumstances) holding the Jews to a certain standard - as the people who He revealed so much of His character and his heart to - seems to run through the whole Old Testament. From my perspective, of course!
Pretty much. We have 613 commandments we are supposed to strive to attain. Of course, the number diminishes, given many commandments are gender based. Yet, "rightious gentiles" (Noahides) have seven to be considered "rightious." They are not even held to all of the Ten Commandments.

Speaking of my theology and folklore course, I attended Monday night's class and have some notes to post. Professor Murray said he would send me a link to the power point presentation he is using, so I am waiting for that before posting, as I think using that as a guide will be at least a little more comprehensive than going strictly off of my poor note taking skills.
Lina Heartlistener wrote:Oh yeah, and thanks for the Ranyhyn tip! I may do that sometime! :) I was wondering why some people have "Ranyhyn" showing in their profiles...
The only thing to keep in mind about presenting yourself to the Ranyhyn is that Plains of Ra may keep you waiting for awhile. I think I remained on the plains over a month waiting. But, for me anyway, Plains is wonderful at guiding which Ranyhyn chooses you, if you are chosen. I had no idea where the name of my mare was derived from when she chose me, but since learning of it, I am blown way by the appropriateness. And at that point, I had only been a member of the Watch a few weeks.
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Getting all riled up over Xar's use of an Augustine quote!

Post by Linna Heartbooger »

Xar wrote:Well, honestly, I don't really bother classifying my assumptions or beliefs - I believe what I believe and I assume what I assume, and it's good enough for me to do so without thinking "how can I fit this among the various currents of thought which are known nowadays?" :P It seems to me that if one has a personal philosophy, then it matters little to him whether it is classified or not, and it matters even less how others classify it, no offense meant ;)
Nod... the classification of it is kinda moot - I was just trying to find out if I'm reading you right. It is good to KNOW which things one is assuming though. I was majored in math, so I of all people ought to think about what my assumptions are! Yet I often don't know realize what they are (because I "live" entirely within that context) till someone else exposes them to me.

Of course, given that _I_ haven't thoroughly defined what I mean by "modern" or "postmodern," the point is double-moot! I'm foiled again!
Xar wrote: ...and in turn this reminds me of the famous phrase by St. Augustine, "evil exists for good to fight it", which of course is an allegory to say that without evil, there could be no good. Which in turn hints at the fact that "evil" was intended by God the very moment humankind came to Earth (because otherwise, without evil and good, free will would be meaningless)...
Can you give me the context... like what work of Augustine's is it from? One of his earlier or later works? (it would take me a few days to look it up to read it in context - unless it's in Confessions or online somewhere) Cause you just made me really mad!

I might seem to take all this a little too seriously, but you see, I like Augustine. IMO, he's one of the great champions and defenders of the faith. And I don't think he maintained that belief about the nature of good and evil - though I could be wrong! I do realize that you might like him (or some of his ideas) alot yourself, possibly for different reasons.

Are you saying that Augustine MEANT that "without evil, there could be no good" in its orignal context? (Because if so, I think you are wrong and haven't bothered to look at his assumptions; but I could be totally incorrect about this. My idea of what Augustine stands for could be skewed.)

Or are you saying that this is the MEANING you see for yourself or create for yourself (after the fact) regarding his statement? (in the case of the latter, I don't need to challenge you to a duel.)
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Re: Getting all riled up over Xar's use of an Augustine quot

Post by Menolly »

Lina Heartlistener wrote:
Xar wrote: ...and in turn this reminds me of the famous phrase by St. Augustine, "evil exists for good to fight it", which of course is an allegory to say that without evil, there could be no good. Which in turn hints at the fact that "evil" was intended by God the very moment humankind came to Earth (because otherwise, without evil and good, free will would be meaningless)...
Can you give me the context... like what work of Augustine's is it from? One of his earlier or later works? (it would take me a few days to look it up to read it in context - unless it's in Confessions or online somewhere) Cause you just made me really mad!

I might seem to take all this a little too seriously, but you see, I like Augustine. IMO, he's one of the great champions and defenders of the faith. And I don't think he maintained that belief about the nature of good and evil - though I could be wrong! I do realize that you might like him (or some of his ideas) alot yourself, possibly for different reasons.

Are you saying that Augustine MEANT that "without evil, there could be no good" in its orignal context? (Because if so, I think you are wrong and haven't bothered to look at his assumptions; but I could be totally incorrect about this. My idea of what Augustine stands for could be skewed.)

Or are you saying that this is the MEANING you see for yourself or create for yourself (after the fact) regarding his statement? (in the case of the latter, I don't need to challenge you to a duel.)
Lina, have you read the Catholicism reverts (again) thread yet? In one post in it, which is located at here, I quoted pieces from a Wiki article explaining how yetzer ha'tov (the good inclination) did not become "very good" until yetzer ha'ra (the evil inclination) was added on the 7th day of creation. Perhaps St. Augustine was giving a teaching on a commentary of the Jewish sages?
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Re: Getting all riled up over Xar's use of an Augustine quot

Post by Xar »

Lina Heartlistener wrote:
Xar wrote: ...and in turn this reminds me of the famous phrase by St. Augustine, "evil exists for good to fight it", which of course is an allegory to say that without evil, there could be no good. Which in turn hints at the fact that "evil" was intended by God the very moment humankind came to Earth (because otherwise, without evil and good, free will would be meaningless)...
Can you give me the context... like what work of Augustine's is it from? One of his earlier or later works? (it would take me a few days to look it up to read it in context - unless it's in Confessions or online somewhere) Cause you just made me really mad!

I might seem to take all this a little too seriously, but you see, I like Augustine. IMO, he's one of the great champions and defenders of the faith. And I don't think he maintained that belief about the nature of good and evil - though I could be wrong! I do realize that you might like him (or some of his ideas) alot yourself, possibly for different reasons.

Are you saying that Augustine MEANT that "without evil, there could be no good" in its orignal context? (Because if so, I think you are wrong and haven't bothered to look at his assumptions; but I could be totally incorrect about this. My idea of what Augustine stands for could be skewed.)

Or are you saying that this is the MEANING you see for yourself or create for yourself (after the fact) regarding his statement? (in the case of the latter, I don't need to challenge you to a duel.)
I honestly didn't remember where the phrase was from, so I looked around a little bit to see if my memory could be jogged, and I came across this description of St. Augustine's philosophy on the problem of evil (this is only a part of it, of course, but it expands upon the phrase I listed earlier):
A world that had never been touched by evil would be a good place, but it wouldn't be the best place possible. The best of all worlds would be a place where evil facilitated the development of virtues that are only able to exist where evil flourishes for a time. This would produce a world populated by souls that were refined by overcoming evil with good. The evil is momentary. The good that results is eternal.

What good comes out of a drive-by killing, someone might ask, or the death of a teenager through overdose, or a daughter's rape, or child abuse? The answer is that a commensurate good doesn't always come out of those individual situations, though God is certainly capable of redeeming any tragedy. Rather, the greater good results from having a world in which there is moral freedom, and moral freedom makes moral tragedies like these possible.

A Heavenly Twist

This observation reveals an interesting twist in this problem. If morality freely chosen can only happen in a world where evil is possible, then heaven will be a place where there will be no moral growth, where moral choices will not be possible because all the inhabitants of heaven will be immutably good. There is a type of soulish growth only available to inhabitants of a fallen world.

Two Scriptural observations lend credibility to this view. First, in recounting the great heroes of faith, the writer of Hebrews mentions that some were rescued by faith, but others endured by faith "...in order that they might obtain a better resurrection."[ix] (Heb. 11:35) Second, Paul tells Timothy that "...godliness is profitable for all things, since it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come." (1 Tim. 4:8)

Both of these verses indicate that conditions in this life affect conditions in the next. Bearing up under evil in this life improves our resurrection in the next. Godliness in this life brings profit in the next. These benefits are not available after this life or there would be little urgency to grow now; all eternity would be left in which to catch up.

It appears that a deeper, more profound good results when virtue is won by free, moral souls struggling with evil, rather than simply granted to them as an element of their constitution.

Spoiled Goodness

Augustine knew that evil was real. Independent evidence (natural theology) was enough to convince him that God existed and that everything He created would be good. Evil, then, must be something real, but not a "thing" in the conventional sense. Evil is not a created thing, but spoiled goodness made possible by the free moral agency of rational creatures. Evil is not something present, but something missing, a privation.

The challenge that God could have created a world of free-will creatures immutable in their goodness is answered by the notion of plenitude, the greatest good. The possibility of evil also makes a greater good possible. God made a world in which true moral decision-making and development of virtues is possible in humans, manifest by persons whose character is formed through growth and struggle.

There's a sound reason why God has allowed evil. It doesn't conflict with His goodness. God is neither the author of evil, nor its helpless victim. Rather, precisely because of His goodness He chooses to co-exist with evil for a time.
The comment about God creating evil was (admittedly) also a way to provoke responses in order to stimulate further discussion, by the way ;)
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Post by Avatar »

Sorry, I've only been skimming this...to busy to make the effort. Just wanted to say it seems self-evident that if god created everything, he must have created evil too, right?

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Post by Xar »

Avatar wrote:Sorry, I've only been skimming this...to busy to make the effort. Just wanted to say it seems self-evident that if god created everything, he must have created evil too, right?

--A
It's not that simple... as Lina hinted at and as I reported above, the best and most philosophically convincing solution to the problem of evil was given by St. Augustine; it's a long and complex argument that stems from the concept that evil is not a "thing" per se, and it is merely a byproduct of free will - it is a "lack of good", or, for instance, the choice of a lesser good over a greater good.
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Post by Avatar »

Sounds like the Judaic approach to evil: Evil arises from the desires of men, not from some external source.

Me, I like the Islamic one too. It's refreshingly honest. They say god is responisble for all the bad stuff that happens. So you better watch out. :D

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Post by Holsety »

Avatar wrote:Sounds like the Judaic approach to evil: Evil arises from the desires of men, not from some external source.

Me, I like the Islamic one too. It's refreshingly honest. They say god is responisble for all the bad stuff that happens. So you better watch out. :D

--A
Truth be told, I've always found the jew/christian POV annoying, because you then have an all powerful god allowing evil to take place. If you have a force which has a complete capability to stop all evil things and doesn't, isn't it culpable for not acting?

I like Spinoza's argument (in terms of finding it interesting) even though I don't agree with it - since everything is a part of god, nothing is evil or unnatural. If we actually did commit wrongs, it would make god flawed too - since god is perfect we aren't flawed. And yet at the same time IIRC he takes the trouble of explaining the nonexistent sins as a product of will getting ahead of reason. I think? SHould've read more carefully.
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Post by Cybrweez »

Holsety wrote: Truth be told, I've always found the jew/christian POV annoying, because you then have an all powerful god allowing evil to take place. If you have a force which has a complete capability to stop all evil things and doesn't, isn't it culpable for not acting?
I don't know, maybe He finds the idea of not giving us free will to make evil worse than allowing us to make it.
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Post by rusmeister »

Holsety wrote:
Avatar wrote:Sounds like the Judaic approach to evil: Evil arises from the desires of men, not from some external source.

Me, I like the Islamic one too. It's refreshingly honest. They say god is responisble for all the bad stuff that happens. So you better watch out. :D

--A
Truth be told, I've always found the jew/christian POV annoying, because you then have an all powerful god allowing evil to take place. If you have a force which has a complete capability to stop all evil things and doesn't, isn't it culpable for not acting?
This, I think, is a very good question. It just so happens that Christianity has a good answer, so I would suggest that the annoyance springs from simply not knowing that answer.
Holsety wrote:I like Spinoza's argument (in terms of finding it interesting) even though I don't agree with it - since everything is a part of god, nothing is evil or unnatural. If we actually did commit wrongs, it would make god flawed too - since god is perfect we aren't flawed. And yet at the same time IIRC he takes the trouble of explaining the nonexistent sins as a product of will getting ahead of reason. I think? SHould've read more carefully.
Assuming you are willing to examine a Christian viewpoint here... (If not, this is all a waste of time.)

This, unfortunately, happens to not be the case according to Christian theology (I have to stick to Orthodoxy when there are differences in Christian views, but where it coincides with denominational Christianity, I'll embrace the broader stratum and will usually just say "Christian"). If one attempted to take theology seriously for a minute - which is just as much of a science as any other humanity and requires just as much scholarship - then he would try to find out what the Christian position actually is.

In Christian theology, God DID create man as a perfect being with free will, the aim being to have people who would freely choose good, rather than do it automatically (like robots). This leads to the doctrine of the Fall, man's free choice to turn from God as the authority and source of life to self as that source and authority.
Therefore by one man did sin enter into the world, and death by sin, and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. (Romans 5:12)

It may be necessary to temporarily use another word to replace sin that accurately describes the objective phenomenon that it describes (until you see that there is such a phenomenon and are ready to accept it as a fact of human life).
The pagan world needed no convincing of sin. It was obvious to the ancient world. The rejection of the doctrine of sin is quite modern. Indeed, if you take those words, 'that nothing is unnatural or evil' to their logical conclusion, then we may justify pedophelia, the crimes of September 11th and other heinous acts in any way you like.

Again, I challenge you to tackle Chesterton's "The Everlasting Man" to get a better understanding of why this 'annoying' point of view to has a rational basis. If the answers are out there, it's pointless to keep asking the questions (if you really want an answer).
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